Maternal-infant HIV transmission and circumstances of delivery.

Comparison of Maternal Anemia and Their Infant Apgar Scores in Conventional Vaginal Delivery with Physiological Delivery

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare some of the maternal blood parameters and Apgar score of their infants in conventional vaginal delivery with physiological delivery. Methods: This semi-experimental study was performed in 2018 with the participation of 400 pregnant women candidates for physiological childbirth and 400 pregnant women candidates for conventional vaginal delivery...

Mother–Infant HIV Transmission: Do Maternal HIV-Specific Antibodies Protect the Infant?

Despite the intimate relationship between a mother and her fetus, the majority of HIV-infected pregnant women do not transmit HIV to their infant. Approximately one-third of exposed infants acquire HIV in the absence of any preventative interventions, with exposure during delivery and breastfeeding accounting for the majority of infections; in utero infections contribute a relatively small frac...

Maternal or infant antiretroviral drugs to reduce HIV-1 transmission.

BACKGROUND We evaluated the efficacy of a maternal triple-drug antiretroviral regimen or infant nevirapine prophylaxis for 28 weeks during breast-feeding to reduce postnatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in Malawi. METHODS We randomly assigned 2369 HIV-1-positive, breast-feeding mothers with a CD4+ lymphocyte count of at least 250 cells per cubic millimeter and t...

Maternal Antiretroviral Therapy for the Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV in Malawi: Maternal and Infant Outcomes Two Years after Delivery

BACKGROUND Optimized preventive strategies are needed to reach the objective of eliminating pediatric AIDS. This study aimed to define the determinants of residual HIV transmission in the context of maternal antiretroviral therapy (ART) administration to pregnant women, to assess infant safety of this strategy, and to evaluate its impact on maternal disease. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A t...

Infant-feeding patterns and HIV-1 transmission.